Volume 34 of Syntax and Semantics is a thorough and accessible overview and introduction to Lexical Functional Grammar (LFG), a theory of the content and representation of different aspects of linguistic structure and the relations that hold between them. The book motivates and describes the two syntactic structures of LFG: surface phrasal organization is represented by a context-free phrase structure tree, and more abstract functional syntactic relations like subject and object are represented separately, at functional structure.
Existence: Semantics and Syntax This collection is an important contribution to the semantic and syntactic analysis of the expression of existence. The volume focuses on the three main linguistic constructions expressing existence: copular clauses, existential sentences, and (in)definiteness. The papers analyze the interaction between the basic notion of existence and pervasive phenomena of natural language, such as quantification and presupposition. The contributions represent state of the art research on theoretical and comparative issues related to the expression of existence, and make extensive reference to the semantic and syntactic facts of English and of various other languages. The richness of new data and the juxtaposition of different theoretical stances bring a number of new questions into focus.
Analyzing the Grammar of English
offers a descriptive analysis of the indispensable elements of English
grammar. Designed to be covered in one semester, this textbook starts
from scratch and takes nothing for granted beyond a reading and
speaking knowledge of English. Extensively revised to function better
in skills-building classes, it includes more interspersed exercises
that promptly test what is taught, simplified and clarified
explanations, greatly expanded and more diverse activities, and a new
glossary of over 200 technical terms.
Analyzing the Grammar of English, Third Edition
is the only English grammar to view the sentence as a strictly
punctuational constuct—anything that begins with a capital letter and
ends with a period, a question mark, an exclamation mark, or three
dots—rather than a syntactic one, and to load, in consequence, all the
necessary syntactic analysis onto the clause and its constituents.
It
is also one of the very few English grammars to include—alongside
multiple examples of canonical or "standard" language—occasional
samples of stigmatized speech to illustrate grammar points.
Students
and teachers in courses of English grammatical analysis, English
teaching methods, TESOL methods, and developmental English will all
benefit from this new edition.
This book offers a perspective on the structure of human language. The fundamental issue it addresses is the proper balance between syntax and semantics, between structure and derivation, and between rule systems and lexicon. It argues that the balance struck by mainstream generative grammar is wrong. It puts forward a new basis for syntactic theory, drawing on a wide range of frameworks, and charts new directions for research. In the past four decades, theories of syntactic structure have become more abstract and syntactic derivations have become more complex. The book traces this development through the history of contemporary syntactic theory, showing how much it has been driven by theory-internal rather than empirical considerations. It develops an alternative that is responsive to linguistic, cognitive, computational, and biological concerns. At the core of this alternative is the Simpler Syntax Hypothesis: the most explanatory syntactic theory is one that imputes the minimum structure necessary to mediate between phonology and meaning. A consequence of this hypothesis is a richer mapping between syntax and semantics than is generally assumed. Through analyses of grammatical phenomena, some old and some new, the book demonstrates the empirical and conceptual superiority of the Simpler Syntax approach.
This Handbook provides a comprehensive view of the current issues in contemporary syntactic theory.
Written by an international assembly of leading specialists in the field, the 23 original articles in this Handbook serve as a comprehensive and useful reference for various areas of grammar. The chapters include analyses of non-configurational languages, a crosslinguistic comparison of important grammatical features that interface with semantics, discussions from the perspective of learnability theory, a discussion of thematic relations, and comparisons of derivational and representational approaches to grammar.
These cutting-edge articles, combined with the editors' informative introduction and an extensive bibliography, grant readers the greatest access to the field of natural language syntax today.