In the preface, Nizegorodcew clearly defines what she means by input: "the language intentionally presented to the learners by the teacher or other learners in order to facilitate the process of L2 learning/acquisition" . RT, which she defines as a theory of interpreting incoming messages, claims that "all human beings automatically aim for the most efficient information processing, that is why the information they pay attention to in the input must be optimally relevant, which means requiring the least processing effort to comprehend" . Throughout the book, the author's intention is to conceptualize teachers' or peers' input within the light of RT.