The overall aim of the book is to provide an integrated view of the separate stages of the speech chain, covering the production process, speech data analysis, and speech perception. Analyses of information bearing elements of the speech signal have found applications in linguistic theory and in the knowledge base of speech technology with special reference to speech synthesis.
The book contains 19 selected articles organized in 6 chapters: Speech research overview with a historical outline, Speech production and synthesis, The voice source, Speech analysis and features, Speech perception, Prosody. Each chapter is preceded by an introduction including suggestions for additional reading. A list of all the authors publications since 1945 is included. It is supplemented by an ordering in categories. The articles have been selected to ensure representative coverage of the field. Some of them, primarily those on speech acoustics and the human voice source, have been previously published. During the last 15 years, a major emphasis has been on speech prosody with several novel approaches. A recent major article provides a broad frame starting with aerodynamics and voice source properties, leading up to intonation analysis, prosodic grouping, and rules for text-to-speech synthesis. These are illustrated in an audio file. A novel feature introduced in analysis as well as synthesis is a parameter of perceived syllable and word prominence with acoustical correlates and ties to lexical categories. The author was involved in early developments of distinctive feature theory together with Roman Jakobson and Morris Halle. Applications to Swedish are contained in the book. A major issue in current phonology and phonetics has been the search for absolute invariance of speech features. However, with the growing insight into contextual variability, this remains a pseudo problem. In order to approach the essence of the speech code, we need to structure variability with respect to all possible contextual factors. As claimed by the author, this is not only a requirement for a sound development of general phonetics and phonology. It is also a prerequisite for realizing advanced aims of speech technology. Computer power cannot substitute fundamental knowledge of the human speech communication process. The book should accordingly be of interest for several disciplines, not only speech technology, linguistics, phonetics, and acoustics, but also for psychology and physiology of speech and hearing with applications in medical science.

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Building upon the huge success of the previous edition, this updated text provides a clear, comprehensive guide to the most influential individuals in the field of economics.
Covering a wide range of thinkers across several centuries, features of this second edition include:
* a significantly revised and expanded introduction discussing the importance of the history of economics, and highlighting the main schools of thought
* updated bibliographies and referencing to take account of the wealth of secondary literature available
* new entries on todays pioneering economists, such as Vernon Smith and Joseph Stiglitz
* revised entries on contemporary economists in order to include recent developments and research.
Containing brief biographical information on each featured economist, as well as references to their major works, guides to further reading, and a glossary of terms, Fifty Major Economists is undoubtedly an important and accessible resource for students of economics at all levels.

Influencer Marketing is the most important new approach to marketing in a decade for those professionals at the leading edge of purchasing decision making. It shows that key decision makers in all major markets operate within communities of influencers- because major decisions are too complex and risky to taken in isolation.
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The original CliffsNotes study guides offer expert commentary on major themes, plots, characters, literary devices, and historical background. The latest generation of titles in this series also feature glossaries and visual elements that complement the classic, familiar format.
Packed with action and vivid portrayal of human relationships, Shakespeare's Macbeth traces the bloody climb to power and tragic ruin of a fate-plagued king. Count on CliffNotes on Macbeth to carry you through the rise and fall of a cast of characters that includes a cruel and ambitious warrior, his wicked wife, and a trio of witches who have wormed their way into audiences' hearts since William Shakespeare first presented their prophecies about 300 years ago.
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