The mental representation of language cannot be directly observed but must be inferred and modelled from its effects at second hand. Linguists have traditionally responded to this in two ways, either going for a fairly data-light approach and valuing theoretical creativity, or pursuing just those goals for which data is available and trusting to data-driven descriptive work.
This volume is a collection of papers in this direction, using mostly experiment methods to yield insights into syntactic and semantic structures, language processing, and acquisition.
Uncovering the meaning of individual words or entire texts is a complex process that needs to take into consideration the multiple interactions of linguistic organization including orthography, morphology, syntax and, ultimately, pragmatics. The papers in this volume pay close attention to these interactions and assess both the details of the texts and entire texts within their relevant contexts. All the papers deal with data from the history of English, and they cover a wide range from Old English manuscripts to Early Modern English letters and medical texts to Late Modern English cant vocabulary.
This book provides a comprehensive review of the current knowledge on writing and publishing scientific research papers and the social contexts. It deals with both English and non-Anglophone science writers, and presents a global perspective and an international focus. The book collects and synthesizes research from a range of disciplines, including applied linguistics, the sociology of science, sociolinguistics, bibliometrics, composition studies, and science education. This multidisciplinary approach helps the reader gain a solid understanding of the subject. Divided into three parts, the book considers the context of scientific papers, the text itself, and the people involved.
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Web-Based Learning, ICWL 2013, held in Kenting, Taiwan, in October 2013. The 34 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from about 117 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on interactive learning environments, design, model and framework of e-learning systems, personalized and adaptive learning, Web 2.0 and social learning environments, intelligent tools for visual learning, semantic Web and ontologies for e-learning, and Web-based learning for languages learning.
New Specifications for CAE 2015 Teacher's Booklet and Audio The revision of Cambridge English: Advanced is now complete and the updated exam will start being used for exam sessions in January 2015. On this page you will find the updated exam specification and sample papers to download along with its sample audio files.
