This book considers how people talk about the location of objects and places. Spatial language has occupied many researchers across diverse fields, such as linguistics, psychology, GIScience, architecture, and neuroscience. However, the vast majority of work in this area has examined spatial language in monologue situations, and often in highly artificial and restricted settings.
This text presents an accessible and concise overview of the most current theories and approaches of second language learning. It provides an up-to-date introduction to the key concepts and issues, as well as a brief history of this area of research. Written for students coming to the study of linguistics for the first time, the book covers a wide range of approaches, including linguistic, cognitive, and social.
Penguin Readers - Level 3 Pre-Intermediate (1200 words) Penguin Readers are a carefully graded collection of Readers that enable English language learners to enjoy reading whatever their language level. Britain is a small country but it has a long history. Discover how wars, revolutions and religion have changed its history. Read about the different countries of the United Kingdom – and the great men and women who have shaped the British nation.
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Verbal Hygiene discusses the use and abuse of language and questions what makes it good and bad, or right and wrong. Cameron examines the practices through which people try to both clean up language and regulate its use in attempts to make it functionally, aesthetically and morally "better.
The authors examine the types of clauses used by people when they are speaking off the cuff. They also analyze the devices speakers use when organizing larger chunks of language, such as conversations. Using data from English, German, and Russian, they develop a systematic analysis of spoken English and highlight cross-language properties. They argue that there are major and systematic differences between spoken and written language, and conclude by exploring the implications of their findings for typology, first-language acquisition, and education.
