The devastating US atomic bombing of the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki not only brought World War II to an end, but effectively gave birth to the Cold War. The postwar world would thereafter be marked by the fragile relationship of two superpowers with opposing ideologies: the United States and the Soviet Union.

For 45 years, these two superpowers would vie for supremacy in world politics. The Cold War held the potential for an apocalyptic confrontation that could have spelled doom for the human race. Understanding the Cold War is absolutely essential to our understanding of the history of the second half of the twentieth century and beyond

 

The Siege Of Constantinople
When Sultan Mehmet the Second rode into the city of Constantinople on a white horse in 1453, it marked the end of a thousand years of the Byzantine Empire. After holding out for 53 days, the city had fallen. And as one contemporary witness described it: “The blood flowed in the city like rainwater in the gutters after a sudden storm”. It was the end of the classical world and the crowning of an Ottoman Empire that would last until 1922.
Constantinople was a city worth fighting for – its position as a bridge between Europe and Asia and its triangular shape with a deep water port made it ideal both for trade and defence. It was also rumoured to harbour great wealth. Whoever conquered it would reap rewards both material and political.
Earlier attempts to capture the city had largely failed – so why did the Ottomans succeed this time? What difference did the advances in weaponry such as cannons make in the outcome of the battle? And what effect did the fall of Constantinople have on the rest of the Christian world?

Tests for 7th Grades - 2. Term (Turkish Students)
Test 1 - As ... As / Reflexive Pronouns 1
Test 2 - As ... As / Reflexive Pronouns 2
Test 3 - As ... As / Reflexive Pronouns 3
Test 4 - Past Form of "To Be" / Illnesses
Test 5 - Past Form of "To Be" / Have to, Has to 1
Test 6 - Past Form of "To Be" / Have to, Has to 2
Test 7 - Would like / Prefer / Reported Speech
Test 8 - Would Like / Want to / Prefer
Test 9 - Would Like / Prefer / Reported Speech
Test 10 - Used to / Look, Feel, Seem 1
Test 11 - Used to / Look, Feel, Seem 2
Test 12 - Present Perfect Tense
Test 13 - Present Perfect / Can / May 1
Test 14 - Present Perfect / Can / May 2
Test 15 - Future Tense
Test 16 - Future Tense / May / Can / Could 1
Test 17 - Future Tense / May / Can / Could 2
Test 18 - Passive Voice / Simple Present Tense 1
Test 19 - Passive Voice / Simple Present Tense 2
Test 20 - Passive Voice / Simple Present Tense 3
Test 21 - Revision Test 1
Test 22 - Revision Test 2
Test 23 - Revision Test 3