This study proposes to make a contribution to the philological reassessment of Gramsci’s legacy, in the perspective of the contemporary revitalisation of Marxism. Both of these elements should be emphasised from the outset, as the ‘content’ and ‘horizon’ of this study. The point of departure for this study is constituted by the influential critiques of Gramsci by Louis Althusser’s contribution to Reading ‘Capital’ and Perry Anderson’s ‘The Antinomies of AntonioGramsci’ in the 1960s and 1970s.